what documents are needed to buy a house

When you're buying a house, you'll need to provide several key documents to your lender, real estate agent, and sometimes even the seller. These documents help verify your identity, income, assets, and debt so that the mortgage lender can assess your ability to repay the loan.

Jun 21, 2025 - 16:09
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Here’s a complete checklist of the documents you’ll need to buy a home in 2025:


🧾 PERSONAL IDENTIFICATION

Document Why It's Needed
✅ Government-issued photo ID (e.g., passport or driver’s license) To verify your identity
✅ Social Security number or card For credit checks and tax records

💰 INCOME VERIFICATION

If You're a W-2 Employee:

  • Last 2 years of W-2s

  • Last 30 days of pay stubs

  • Employment verification (your lender may contact your employer)

If You're Self-Employed or a Freelancer:

  • Last 2 years of personal and business tax returns

  • Year-to-date profit & loss statement

  • 1099 forms (if applicable)

  • Bank statements showing income deposits


🏦 ASSET & BANK DOCUMENTS

These show you have enough money for your down payment, closing costs, and reserves.

  • Last 2–3 months of bank statements (all pages)

  • ✅ Statements for savings, retirement, or investment accounts

  • Gift letter (if someone is giving you money for the down payment)

📌 Make sure there are no unexplained large deposits—they can trigger extra documentation.


🧾 CREDIT & DEBT INFORMATION

Lenders pull your credit themselves, but they may request:

  • ✅ Explanation letters for any late payments, collections, or credit inquiries

  • ✅ Divorce decree or alimony/child support docs (if it affects income/debt)

  • ✅ Student loan documentation (including payment plans if in IDR)


🏠 PROPERTY-SPECIFIC DOCUMENTS (After You Choose a Home)

  • Purchase agreement/contract

  • Earnest money deposit receipt

  • Homeowners insurance quote

  • Home inspection report (optional but recommended)

  • Appraisal report (lender orders this)


💼 SPECIAL CASES

You may also need:

  • Green card or visa (for non-citizens)

  • Bankruptcy discharge papers (if filed in past 7 years)

  • Rental history or landlord contact info


🗂️ Final Home Buying Document Checklist

Category Documents Needed
ID & personal info Photo ID, Social Security number
Income Pay stubs, W-2s, or tax returns (self-employed)
Assets Bank, retirement, and investment account statements
Debts Student loans, alimony, credit explanations (if any)
Property Purchase contract, inspection, insurance, appraisal

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